{"id":39799,"date":"2022-07-01T03:16:28","date_gmt":"2022-07-01T01:16:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/uncategorized\/what-is-the-lightning-network-scaling-solution-for-bitcoin\/"},"modified":"2026-05-01T04:32:42","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T02:32:42","slug":"what-is-the-lightning-network-scaling-solution-for-bitcoin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/en\/knowledge\/what-is-the-lightning-network-scaling-solution-for-bitcoin\/","title":{"rendered":"Lightning Network: What Is Bitcoin&#8217;s Second-Layer Solution?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Lightning Network is one of the most important developments in the Bitcoin ecosystem. It makes Bitcoin faster, cheaper, and more practical for everyday use. In this article, we&#8217;ll explain what the Lightning Network is, how it works, and what role it plays for the future of Bitcoin.<\/p>\n<h2>What is the Lightning Network?<\/h2>\n<p>The Lightning Network is a second-layer scaling solution that can process small transactions without burdening the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/en\/knowledge\/what-is-a-blockchain-basics-and-functionality\/\">blockchain<\/a>. This second-layer protocol is an abstraction layer that sits on top of the actual Bitcoin blockchain.<\/p>\n<p>The concept was introduced in 2015 in a white paper by Joseph Poon and Thaddeus Dryja. It solves a fundamental problem of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/en\/tag\/bitcoin-en\/\">Bitcoin<\/a>: Due to the defined <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/en\/glossary\/block-size\/\">block size<\/a>, only about 7 transactions per second can be processed worldwide on the main blockchain. A vanishingly small capacity compared to credit card providers, which process tens of thousands of transactions per second.<\/p>\n<p>The Lightning Network bypasses this limit by processing transactions off the blockchain (off-chain). Only the opening and closing of a payment channel are recorded on the Bitcoin blockchain. In between, any number of transactions can take place in real time and at virtually no cost.<\/p>\n<script type=\"text\/plain\" data-tcf=\"waiting-for-consent\" data-id=\"20572\" data-bid=\"1\" data-placement=\"33872\">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<\/script><h2>How does the Lightning Network work?<\/h2>\n<p>The Lightning Network operates with so-called payment channels between two participants.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Opening:<\/strong> Two parties open a payment channel by creating a transaction on the Bitcoin blockchain. A specific amount of Bitcoin is deposited into a multisignature wallet that belongs to both parties. This opening is the only transaction that takes place on-chain.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transactions:<\/strong> Within the channel, the two parties can conduct any number of transactions without burdening the blockchain. Each transaction simply updates the distribution of Bitcoin between the two parties. These off-chain transactions are largely anonymous and cost-effective.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Routing:<\/strong> You don&#8217;t need to open a separate channel with every recipient. Payments can be routed across multiple channels. If Alice has a channel to Bob and Bob has a channel to Carol, Alice can pay Carol through Bob. This works trustlessly via so-called Hashed Time-Locked Contracts (HTLCs).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Closing:<\/strong> When the transactions are completed, the channel is closed on-chain. The final balance is then recorded on the Bitcoin blockchain. Overall, much less space is used on the blockchain per transaction than without the Lightning Network.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>What role does SegWit play for the Lightning Network?<\/h2>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/en\/glossary\/segwit\/\">soft fork Segregated Witness, or SegWit for short<\/a>, is an extension of the Bitcoin protocol. SegWit separates the transaction data (witness data) and thereby fixes a technical problem called transaction malleability, which had long blocked the development of the Lightning Network.<\/p>\n<p>After the SegWit update, the Lightning Network was developed and implemented into the protocol. Without SegWit, the Lightning Network in its current form would not be possible, as the payment channels rely on immutable transaction IDs.<\/p>\n<h2>Lightning Network vs. classic Bitcoin transactions<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Criterion<\/th>\n<th>Bitcoin On-Chain<\/th>\n<th>Lightning Network<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Speed<\/td>\n<td>10 to 60 minutes<\/td>\n<td>Under 1 second<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fees<\/td>\n<td>Variable, several dollars during high load<\/td>\n<td>Fraction of a cent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Capacity<\/td>\n<td>Approx. 7 TPS<\/td>\n<td>Theoretically unlimited<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Micropayments<\/td>\n<td>Uneconomical<\/td>\n<td>Ideally suited<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>On-chain load<\/td>\n<td>Every transaction<\/td>\n<td>Only channel opening and closing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Previously, every transaction had to be placed on-chain, directly on the blockchain. With the Bitcoin boom, demand for this placement also increased, and the fees charged for the scarce space in transaction blocks that had become too small rose immensely. They exceeded small Bitcoin balances, which thus lost their value.   The Lightning Network solves this problem.<\/p>\n<h2>What advantages does the Lightning Network offer?<\/h2>\n<p>The biggest advantage lies in speed. Payments are processed in under a second, without having to wait for block confirmations. At the same time, transaction costs are in the range of fractions of a cent, even for international transfers. This makes even small balances worthwhile. Payments in the range of a few satoshi are economically possible for the first time.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, much less space is used on the blockchain per transaction than without the Lightning Network. This makes transactions cheaper and faster. Since capacity is not limited by block size, the network can theoretically process millions of transactions per second. This solves Bitcoin&#8217;s central scaling problem.<\/p>\n<p>We can summarize the advantages of the Lightning Network for Bitcoin as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Micropayments:<\/strong> This makes even small balances worthwhile. Payments in the range of a few satoshi (fractions of a cent) are economically possible.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Real-time transactions:<\/strong> Payments are processed in under a second. There is no waiting time for block confirmations.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Low fees:<\/strong> Transaction costs are in the range of fractions of a cent, even for international transfers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Blockchain relief:<\/strong> Overall, much less space is used on the blockchain per transaction than without the Lightning Network. This makes transactions cheaper and faster.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scalability:<\/strong> The network can theoretically process millions of transactions per second, as capacity is not limited by block size.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Are there disadvantages or risks with the Lightning Network?<\/h2>\n<p>Despite the advantages, the Lightning Network also has weaknesses. Users must hold sufficient Bitcoin in their channels. For large payments, the liquidity of a single channel may not be enough. Multi-path payments, i.e., payments across multiple channels simultaneously, are increasingly mitigating this problem, but not fully solving it.<\/p>\n<p>Another point of criticism is centralization tendencies. Capacity is increasingly concentrated in a few large hubs. The Gini coefficient of node capacity was around 0.97 in 2025, indicating high inequality. A few well-funded nodes control most of the routing. This contradicts Bitcoin&#8217;s decentralized principle.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, there is technical complexity. Running your own Lightning node requires know-how and permanent availability. Nodes must be online around the clock to detect fraud and monitor channels. For end users, the Lightning Network is therefore not yet as simple as a classic banking app. Wallets like Breez, Phoenix, or Zeus have significantly simplified operation and make Lightning accessible even to less technically savvy users.<\/p>\n<h2>What is the Lightning Network suitable for?<\/h2>\n<p>The most obvious use is everyday payments: buying coffee, paying for online purchases, giving tips. Lightning makes Bitcoin practical for everyday use with small amounts for the first time. International transfers are equally relevant. Cross-border payments take seconds instead of days and cost a fraction of the usual fees of traditional transfer services. This is a huge step forward, especially for remittances in emerging markets.<\/p>\n<p>In commerce, usage is growing noticeably. European payment service provider CoinGate reported in 2025 that over 16% of all Bitcoin transactions on its platform are processed via Lightning. In 2023, it was still 6.5%.<\/p>\n<p>Two newer use cases deserve special attention. Via the L402 specification, APIs can be billed per micropayment per request. This enables payments between AI agents and IoT devices without traditional accounts. And since 2025, stablecoins like USDT can also be sent over the Lightning Network via Taproot Assets. This makes Lightning an infrastructure that goes beyond pure Bitcoin payments.<\/p>\n<h2>Does Bitcoin have a future as a means of payment with the Lightning Network?<\/h2>\n<p>For the original to have a future as a means of payment, the scalability problem must be solved. The Lightning Network is the most promising approach to this.<\/p>\n<p>The numbers show growing adoption: According to CoinLaw, over 8 million monthly transactions were processed via Lightning in early 2025, with a 266% increase in public volume compared to the previous year. Since Coinbase integrated Lightning in 2024, around 15% of all Bitcoin withdrawals on the platform are processed via Lightning.<\/p>\n<p>At the same time, the publicly visible network capacity shows a nuanced picture. Capacity reached a record high of around 5,600 BTC at the end of 2025, but has since declined to about 4,000 BTC. The number of nodes is around 15,000, well below the peak of 20,700 in March 2022. Developers argue that this does not indicate stagnation, but rather consolidation: Fewer but better-managed hubs with higher reliability are increasingly dominating routing. Technical innovations like channel splicing increase the efficiency of existing channels without requiring new ones to be opened.<\/p>\n<p>As a means of payment, Bitcoin competes not only with credit cards and PayPal, but also with faster <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/en\/knowledge\/what-are-cryptocurrencies-explanation-for-beginners\/\">cryptocurrencies<\/a> like Solana or Litecoin. The Lightning Network is Bitcoin&#8217;s answer to this competition.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusion: Why the Lightning Network is crucial for Bitcoin<\/h2>\n<p>The Lightning Network is not a replacement for the Bitcoin blockchain, but an essential complement. The main blockchain remains the foundation for security and finality. The Lightning Network takes on the role of fast, cheap payment processing for everyday use.<\/p>\n<p>Without this second-layer solution, Bitcoin would not be competitive as a means of payment in the long term. With the Lightning Network, Bitcoin becomes a system that functions both as a store of value (on the main blockchain) and as a means of payment (via Lightning). The growing integration by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.coinpro.ch\/en\/reviews-en\/crypto-exchange-comparison-switzerland-germany-and-austria-the-best-providers-in-the-2025-test\/\">major crypto exchanges<\/a>, the introduction of stablecoins via Taproot Assets, and new use cases in the AI space show that the Lightning Network is only at the beginning of its development.<\/p>\n<div class=\"faqbox\">\n<h2>Frequently asked questions about the Lightning Network<\/h2>\n<section id='' \n                class='helpie-faq accordions faq-toggle' \n                data-collection='' \n                data-pagination='0' \n                data-search='0' \n                data-pagination-enabled='0'\n                role='region'\n                aria-label='FAQ Section'\n                aria-live='polite'><article class=\"accordion \"><div class='helpie-faq-row'><div class='helpie-faq-col helpie-faq-col-12' ><ul><li class=\"accordion__item \"><div class=\"accordion__header \" \r\n                id=\"accordion-header-post-42495\"\r\n                role=\"button\"\r\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\r\n                aria-controls=\"accordion-content-post-42495\"\r\n                data-id=\"post-42495\" \r\n                data-item=\"hfaq-post-42495\" \r\n                style=\"background:transparent;\" \r\n                data-tags=\"\"\r\n                tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"accordion__title\">How fast are transactions on the Lightning Network?<\/div><\/div><div id=\"accordion-content-post-42495\" \r\n                class=\"accordion__body\" \r\n                role=\"region\"\r\n                aria-labelledby=\"accordion-header-post-42495\"\r\n                style=\"background:transparent;\"><p>Transactions on the Lightning Network are processed in under one second. In comparison, on-chain transactions on the Bitcoin blockchain take 10 to 60 minutes, depending on network congestion and the fee selected.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"accordion__item \"><div class=\"accordion__header \" \r\n                id=\"accordion-header-post-42496\"\r\n                role=\"button\"\r\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\r\n                aria-controls=\"accordion-content-post-42496\"\r\n                data-id=\"post-42496\" \r\n                data-item=\"hfaq-post-42496\" \r\n                style=\"background:transparent;\" \r\n                data-tags=\"\"\r\n                tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"accordion__title\">Is the Lightning Network secure?<\/div><\/div><div id=\"accordion-content-post-42496\" \r\n                class=\"accordion__body\" \r\n                role=\"region\"\r\n                aria-labelledby=\"accordion-header-post-42496\"\r\n                style=\"background:transparent;\"><p>The Lightning Network uses cryptographic methods (Hashed Time-Locked Contracts) and the security model of the Bitcoin blockchain. Fraud attempts can be detected and penalized within a timelock period. Security increases with the number of well-maintained nodes in the network.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><li class=\"accordion__item \"><div class=\"accordion__header \" \r\n                id=\"accordion-header-post-42494\"\r\n                role=\"button\"\r\n                aria-expanded=\"false\"\r\n                aria-controls=\"accordion-content-post-42494\"\r\n                data-id=\"post-42494\" \r\n                data-item=\"hfaq-post-42494\" \r\n                style=\"background:transparent;\" \r\n                data-tags=\"\"\r\n                tabindex=\"0\"><div class=\"accordion__title\">What does a Lightning Network transaction cost?<\/div><\/div><div id=\"accordion-content-post-42494\" \r\n                class=\"accordion__body\" \r\n                role=\"region\"\r\n                aria-labelledby=\"accordion-header-post-42494\"\r\n                style=\"background:transparent;\"><p>Fees are in the range of fractions of a cent. This makes micropayments economically viable that would be uneconomical on the main blockchain due to the fee structure.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/article><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Lightning Network is one of the most important developments in the Bitcoin ecosystem. It makes Bitcoin faster, cheaper, and more practical for everyday use. In this article, we&#8217;ll explain what the Lightning Network is, how it works, and what role it plays for the future of Bitcoin. What is the Lightning Network? The Lightning&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":34543,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17331],"tags":[17387,17807],"class_list":["post-39799","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge","tag-bitcoin-en","tag-knowledge"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.5 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Lightning Network: What Is Bitcoin&#039;s Second-Layer Solution? - CoinPro.ch<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is the Lightning Network and how does it work? 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